Although Andronikos had been pardoned and nominally named governor, he was virtually kept in house arrest by the Byzantine high admiral and loyal supporter of Theodore II Alexios Doukas Philanthropenos, who had established himself and the remnants of the imperial fleet at Rhaidestos. Maria Palaiologina, who married the Byzantine general Nikephoros Tarchaneiotes, a Thracian magnate from Adrianople who suffered heavy punishment under Theodore II. Andronikos was acclaimed co-emperor in 1261, after his father Michael VIII recovered Constantinople from the Latin Empire, but he was not crowned until 1272. La guerre civile se termina par l'abdication forcée d'Andronikos II en 1328, après quoi il se retira dans un monastère, où il passa les quatre dernières années de sa vie. Il était le fils aîné survivant de Michael VIII Palaiologos et Theodora Palaiologina , petite-nièce de John III Doukas Vatatzes . Andronikos II Palaiologos (25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine Emperor from 1282 to 1328. Sole emperor from 1282, Andronikos II immediately repudiated his father's unp… Despite his renunciation of the… … Historical dictionary of Byzantium Andronikos II avait réinstallé ces Crétois dans la région de la rivière Méandre, la frontière sud-est asiatique de Byzance avec les Turcs. Le règne d'Andronikos fut marqué par le début du déclin de l'Empire byzantin. Andronikos II Palaiologos ( Yunani: Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος) (lahir 25 Maret 1259 – meninggal 13 Februari 1332 pada umur 72 tahun), atau juga ditulis Andronicus II Palaeologus, adalah kaisar Bizantium yang memerintah antara 1282-1328. Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος; 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine Emperor from 1282 to 1328. Early the next year, when John III could not be dissuaded from that risky strategy, Andronikos Palaiologos staged a coup at Constantinople, storming the Palace of Boukoleon (where John III had taken residence, away from the walls), slaughtering the Varangian Guard and mortally wounding the emperor himself, who fled Constantinople into exile on an Aegean-bound galley. Andronikos II Palaiologos of Paleologus (Grieks: Ἀνδρόνικος Β′ Παλαιολόγος; 25 Maart 1259 - 13 Februarie 1332) was van 1282 tot 1328 keiser van die Bisantynse Ryk. Wikipedia. Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος; 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine Emperor from 1282 to 1328. Andronikos II est né Andronikos Doukas Angelos Komnenos Palaiologos ( Ἀνδρόνικος Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνός Παλαιολόγος ) à Nicée . He pursued a military career and eventually became a high-ranking general in the Byzantine army. klečícím před Kristem. Reign The Emperor doted on his firstborn son, which became a great consolation for him after the untimely death of his beloved wife Anna in 1281. Andronikos' reign was marked by the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire. Despite their vastly superior numbers, the Mongols were unable to breach the walls of Constantinople. In March 1318, Andronikos married Irene of Brunswick, daughter of Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen. The Byzantine diplomat George Akropolites negotiated an agreement between Theodore II and Andronikos II that would allow the Palaiologos family to keep most of their property intact and avoid punishment altogether. Život Před nástupem na trůn. For the next three years, Andronikos II and Michael stood commanded the defense of Constantinople against the overwhelming besiegers. He married Anne de Savoie (1306-1359) 1326 JL . John VI Kantakouzenos-Wikipedia. John I, Duke of Brabant 23= 23. Wikipedia. He immediately raised his son Michael to co-emperor and appointed his son-in-law Nikephoros Tarchaneiotes to succeed him as Grand Domestic. Andronikos II Palaiologos (25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine Emperor from 1282 to 1328. Après l'échec du co-empereur Michel IX à endiguer l'avancée turque en Asie Mineure en 1302 et la désastreuse bataille de Bapheus , le gouvernement byzantin engagea la Compagnie catalane des Almogavars (aventuriers de Catalogne ) dirigée par Roger de Flor pour nettoyer l'Asie byzantine. c. 1192Constantinople, Byzantine Empire Andronikos Komnenos Palaiologos Ivan Asen III of Bulgaria 29= 29. Andronikos II Palaiologos (Yunani: Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος) (lahir 25 Maret 1259 – meninggal 13 Februari 1332 pada umur 72 tahun), atau juga ditulis Andronicus II Palaeologus, adalah kaisar Bizantium yang memerintah antara 1282-1328. Andronikos II Palaiologos was the eldest surviving son of Michael VIII Palaiologos and Theodora Doukaina Vatatzina, grandniece of John III Doukas Vatatzes. a jeho manželky Theodory. Plus tard, en 1320, il essaya de ressusciter la marine en construisant 20 galères, mais échoua. John Palaiologos. Predecessor the overall commander of the armies, in the late 1220's, by emperor John III Doukas Vatatzes. Michael IX was the eldest son of the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos and his first wife Anna, daughter of King Stephen V of Hungary. Keran of Armenia 20= 20. De plus, les Karasides ont conquis la région de la Mysie avec Paleokastron après 1296, Germiyan a conquis Simav en 1328, Saruhan a capturé Magnesia en 1313 et les Aydinids ont capturé Smyrne en 1310. He was formally crowned co-emperor in February 1325, before ousting his grandfather outright and becoming sole empe Wikimedia Foundation. The Byzantines under Andronikos II's leadership were able to survive long enough to outlive Güyük Khan, who died from a disease contracted at camp, and hold out for long enough until the arrival of Theodore II Laskaris, who attacked the besieging army from behind and lifted the siege once and for all in late August 1249. Andronikos II Palaiologos: | | | Andronikos II Palaiologos| Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος ... World Heritage Encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most definitive collection ever assembled. The son of Michael IX Palaiologos and Rita of Armenia. Eastern Orthodox Andronikos' reign was marked by the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire. Le règne d'Andronikos fut marqué par le début du déclin de l'Empire byzantin. Notable ancestors includeCharlemagne (747-814), … The Byzantine historian George Akropolites writes that he was given command of the field army by John III, who reportedly chose to remain behind at Constantinople on account of his increasingly poor health. Christ standing on a dais. His father, Michael IX Palaiologos, began reigning in full imperial style as co-emperor circa 1295. 1245 – 1249 (4 years) Tenure [edit]Family. Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος) (25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, was Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328. During the Scythian Wars, Andronikos overthrew John III in a palace coup and reigned as Byzantine emperor from 1245 to 1249. During the Scythian Wars, Andronikos overthrew John III in a palace coup and reigned as Byzantine emperor from 1245 to 1249. Obverse: ΙC XC. Tag Archives: Andronikos II Palaiologos The last Serbian queen: Helena Palaiologina (*1431- +1473) Posted on November 12, 2012 by serbianbyzantine. He was the eldest surviving son of Michael VIII Palaiologos and Theodora Palaiologina, grandniece of John III Doukas Vatatzes. A gilded prison was still a prison, however, and Andronikos would die in Rhaidestos on April 1st, 1251, at age 59. John Palaiologos (son of Andronikos II): | |John Palaiologos| (|Greek|: |Ἱωάννης Παλαιολόγος|; 1286–1307) was a son of the |Byzantin... World Heritage Encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most definitive collection ever assembled. Emperor (q.v.) Andronikos II Palaiologos (1260 – 13. helmikuuta 1332) oli Palaiologos-sukuun kuulunut Bysantin keisari vuosina 1282–1328. února 1332, Konstantinopol) vládl jako druhý císař z rodu Palaiologovců v Byzantské říši v letech 1282–1328. Life. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. from 13281341. Andronikos II Palaiologos translation in English-French dictionary. Levon II of Armenia 19= 19. Andronikos II Palaiologos. 2010. Les Turcs continuèrent de pénétrer les possessions byzantines et Prusa tomba en 1326. https://arthurverse.fandom.com/wiki/Andronikos_II_Palaiologos?oldid=749. Andronikos II. Une fille connue sous le nom de Despina Khatun, qui a épousé, Cette page a été modifiée pour la dernière fois le 24 décembre 2020 à 13:51, This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article. Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος B' Παλαιολόγος, c. 1192 – 1 April 1251, Rhaidestos) was a high-ranking Byzantine general and Grand Domestic under John III Doukas Vatatzes. Cherchant à augmenter les revenus et à réduire les dépenses, Andronikos II a augmenté les impôts, réduit les exonérations fiscales et démantelé la flotte byzantine (80 navires) en 1285, rendant ainsi l'empire de plus en plus dépendant des républiques rivales de Venise et de Gênes . They had an unnamed son, who died shortly after birth in 1321. klečícím před Kristem. Grand Domestic of the Byzantine Empire One of Andronikos’s first actions was to save money by scrapping his father’s successful fleet, a mistake that would leave Byzantium at the mercy of the maritime powers of Italy. Andronikos was born in Constantinople on 25 March 1297, the 38th birthday of his paternal grandfather, Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos. Serbian version. Thousands of mourners accompanied Andronikos' burial, and Theodore II's chief minister George Mouzalon went as far as declaring an official period of mourning to be observed at the imperial court. Andronikos II Palaiologos (tiếng Hy Lạp: Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος) (25 tháng 3, 1259 – 13 tháng 2, 1332), viết theo tiếng Latinh là Andronicus II Palaeologus, là Hoàng đế Đông La Mã từ năm 1282 đến 1328. He married a sister of Euphrosyne Taronitissa, Gregoria, and was exeucted alongside his elder brother in 1281. Full name Andronikos' reign was marked by the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire. Andronikos II Palaiologos was acclaimed co-emperor in 1261, after his father Michael VIII recovered Constantinople from the Latin Empire, but he was crowned only in 1272. [edit]Family. Seul empereur de 1282, Andronikos II a immédiatement répudié l'union impopulaire de son père avec la papauté , qu'il avait a été contraint de soutenir alors que son père était encore en vie, mais il n'a pas été en mesure de résoudre le schisme lié au sein du clergé orthodoxe jusqu'en 1310. His usurpation was challenged by several rival claimants, including John III's son Theodore II Laskaris. 1 April 1251 (age 59)Rhaidestos, Byzantine Empire Andronikos II Palaiologos ( grec: Ἀνδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος; 25 mars 1259-13 février 1332), généralement latinisé sous le nom d' Andronicus II Paléologue, régna comme empereur byzantin de 1282 à 1328. Andronikos III proved to be a good general, winning victories against lesser foes in Thessaly and… Pendant son règne, la valeur de l' hyperpyron byzantin s'est dépréciée précipitamment, tandis que le trésor public accumulait moins d'un septième des revenus (en pièces nominales) qu'il avait auparavant. Andronikos II Palaiologos (Grieks: Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος) (Nicea, 1258 – Constantinopel, 13 februari 1332) was Byzantijns keizer van 1282 tot 1328. 1220s – 1245 The son of Michael IX Palaiologos and Rita of Armenia. Share. He was the second son born to Alexios Palaiologos and Irene Komnene around 1192, being the great-great-grandson of the family's founder George Palaiologos. Manuel II Helena sons.JPG 848 × 1,188; 810 KB. À la fin du règne d'Andronikos II, une grande partie de la Bithynie était entre les mains des Turcs ottomans d'Osman Ier et de son fils et héritier Orhan . Reply. Andronikos II Palaiologos (tiếng Hy Lạp: Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος) (25 tháng 3, 1259 – 13 tháng 2, 1332), viết theo tiếng Latinh là Andronicus II Palaeologus, là Hoàng đế Đông La Mã từ năm 1282 đến 1328. En 1291, il loua 50–60 navires génois, mais la faiblesse byzantine résultant du manque de marine devint douloureusement apparente dans les deux guerres avec Venise en 1296–1302 et 1306–10 . Andronikos II. With the siege lifted, at first Andronikos II refused to open the gates of the city to Constantinople. Retrouvez Andronikos II Palaiologos: Byzantine emperor, Theodora Doukaina Vatatzina, Michael VIII Palaiologos, John III Doukas Vatatzes, Anne of Hungary (1260–1281), Stephen V of Hungary et des millions de livres en stock sur Amazon.fr. Une autre alliance de mariage a tenté de résoudre le conflit potentiel avec la Serbie en Macédoine , lorsque Andronikos II a marié sa fille Simonis, âgée de cinq ans, au roi Stefan Milutin en 1298. In early 1246, the Mongols under Güyük Khan and his ally Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria laid siege to Constantinople, trapping Andronikos II and his court and government inside the city as the massive Mongol army occupied the horizon as far as the eye could see. Heir Apparent Theodora Angelina Palaiologina Device of Andronikos II Palaiologos, Vatopedi.png 382 × 383; 32 KB. Theodore II Laskaris ), who had helped dethrone Andronikos II (q.v.). Christ standing on a dais. He was born at noon on Easter Sunday (17 April) of 1277, which was recognized by the people as a miracle. Palaiologos Their daughter. In this, both Andronikos II and Michael were successful. Andronikos III was first married, in 1318, with Adelheid of Brunswick, daughter of Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg; she died in 1324. Versión en español. Hän oli Mikael VII Palaiologoksen vanhin poika.. Andronikoksen aikana hänen isänsä rakennuttaman laivaston annettiin rappeutua ja Bysantin valtakunnan oli vaikeampi puolustautua Venetsiaa ja Genovaa vastaan. Successor Andronikos retired to honorable exile to the port city of Rhaidestos, on the European side of the Marmara Sea. en Their second son was the pinkernes Alexios Philanthropenos, a general celebrated for his successes against the Turks, who rose up unsuccessfully against Andronikos II Palaiologos in 1295. Andronikos II Palaiologos, usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine Emperor from 1282 to 1328. Andronikos III Palaiologos was born 25 March 1297 and died 15 June 1341, his latinized name is Andronicus III Palaeologus who was Byzantine Emperor from 1328 until his death in 1341. Definitions of Andronikos_II_Palaiologos, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of Andronikos_II_Palaiologos, analogical dictionary of Andronikos_II_Palaiologos (English) Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos.jpg 146 × 186; 29 KB. Personal details Michael Palaiologos Ondanks zijn grote begaafdheid, bleek hij in de praktijk niet in staat de langzame ondergang van Byzantium te stuiten. Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος; 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine Emperor from 1282 to 1328. Andronikos' reign was marked by the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire. Andronikos II Palaiologos. Palaiologos (25. března 1259, Nikaia–13. Andronikos III was the son of Michael IX Palaiologos and Rita of Armenia (renamed Maria). Andronikos' sarcophagus was made of porphyry and inscribed with the epiteth "The Queen's Shield", making reference to Constantinople. Andronikos III was first married, in 1318, with Adelheid of Brunswick, daughter of Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg; she died in 1324. The real power behind the throne was John Kantakouzenos (q.v. The Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341. The Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341. Anna of Hungary 18= 18. Andronikos II était également en proie à des difficultés économiques. Spouse Andronikos II Palaiologos (1282–1328) The reign of Andronikos II marks the point at which Byzantium truly declined to the rank of a second-rate power. Le 8 novembre 1273, Andronikos II se maria comme sa première épouse Anna de Hongrie , fille de Stephen V de Hongrie et d' Elizabeth le Cuman , avec qui il eut deux fils: Anna mourut en 1281 et en 1284 Andronikos épousa Yolanda (rebaptisée Irene) , fille de Guillaume VII de Montferrat , avec qui il eut: Andronikos II a également eu au moins trois filles illégitimes: Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre, Ἀνδρόνικος Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνός Παλαιολόγος, Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit, licence Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Issue Ondanks zijn grote begaafdheid, bleek hij in de praktijk niet in staat de langzame ondergang van Byzantium te stuiten. Hyperpyron Andronika II. Andronikos was acclaimed emperor as Andronikos II in the Hippodrome of Constantinople by the gathered nobility, clergy and people. Theodora Palaiologina (née en 1295), est décédée jeune. Although Andronikos II was an able war-time ruler and prevented Constantinople from falling to the Mongols against extreme odds, he was overthrown in 1249 by Theodore II Laskaris, who had marched on the capital and lifted the Bulgarian siege, being welcomed by the local population as their savior. Father Emperor (q.v.) accord avec les Vénitiens ratifié en 1277. John III Doukas Vatatzes Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος; 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine Emperor from 1282 to 1328. Nevertheless, due to his role in the staunch defense of Constantinople, which made Andronikos II a hero in the eyes of the Byzantines, he was able to maintain his status and properties under the restored Laskarid regime. Andronikos II was born Andronikos Doukas Angelos Komnenos Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνός Παλαιολόγος) at Nicaea. Život Před nástupem na trůn. Emperor of the Romans Andronikos was een zoon van Michaël VIII. Andronikos II Palaiologos: | | | Andronikos II Palaiologos| Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος ... World Heritage Encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most definitive collection ever assembled. 25 December 1245 Thomas II, Count of Piedmont 21= 21. Isaakios Palaiologos (né en 1299), est mort jeune. Andronikos a été acclamé co-empereur en 1261, après que son père Michael VIII ait récupéré Constantinople de l' Empire latin , mais il n'a été couronné qu'en 1272. Ông là con trưởng còn sống sót của Mikhael VIII Palaiologos và Theodora Doukaina Vatatzina, cháu gái của Iohannes III Vatatzes Doukas. He was named Grand Domestic of the Byzantine Empire, i.e. Despite his renunciation of the… Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος B' Παλαιολόγος, c. 1192 – 1 April 1251, Rhaidestos) was a high-ranking Byzantine general and Grand Domestic under John III Doukas Vatatzes. Andronikos III Palaiologos, commonly Latinized as Andronicus III Palaeologus, was the Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341.Born Andronikos Doukas Angelos Komnenos Palaiologos, he was the son of Michael IX Palaiologos and Rita of Armenia.He was proclaimed co-emperor in his youth, before 1313, and in April 1321 he rebelled in opposition to his grandfather, Andronikos II Palaiologos. Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος; 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), usually Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine Emperor from 1282 to 1328. února 1332, Konstantinopol) vládl jako druhý císař z rodu Palaiologovců v Byzantské říši v letech 1282–1328. Hy was die seun van Michael IX Palaiologos, die oudste seun en medekeiser van Andronikos II Palaiologos. Andronikos s first problem was to heal the wounds opened by his father Michael VIII s union of the churches (qq.v.). Andronikos III Palaiologos (1328–1341) Andronikos III was responsible for the first of the disastrous civil wars that wracked Byzantium in the fourteenth century. Andronikos II Palaiologos. final decline began. John III Doukas Vatatzes Andronikos II PalaiologosἈνδρόνικος B' Παλαιολόγος Andronikos II Palaiologos or Andronicus II Palaeologus (Greek: Ανδρόνικος Β' Παλαιολόγος) (25 March 1259, Constantinople – February 13, 1332, Constantinople), reigned as Byzantine emperor 1282–1328. Not much is known of Andronikos' early life. Andronikos II Palaiologos — Emperor (q.v.) His usurpation was challenged by several rival claimants, including John III's son Theodore II Laskaris. Andronikos se narodil v 25. března 1259 jako syn nikájského císaře Michaela VIII. Gabras and Andronikos II's son, Michael, would duel outside the walls of Constantinople, and whoever won would retain the imperial crown and marry the other's family. Palaiologos (25. března 1259, Nikaia –13. Arms of Andronikos II Palaiologos (Millingen).jpg 340 × 229; 16 KB. Gabras was allowed inside Constantinople, where he joined forces with the Palaiologoi against the incoming Mongols. Andronikos II a également tenté de marier son fils et co-empereur Michael IX Palaiologos à l'impératrice latine Catherine I de Courtenay , cherchant ainsi à éliminer l'agitation occidentale pour une restauration de l'Empire latin. Andronikos III Palaiologos. Reverse: Inscription: Α-ΝΔ-ΡΟΝΙ-ΚΟCΔ-ΕCΠ-OTH-C-Ο ΠΑ-ΛΑΙ-ΟΛΟ-ΓΟC. Andronikos Palaiologos.jpg 155 × 400; 27 KB. Pendant son règne, les Turcs ont conquis la plupart des territoires anatoliens occidentaux de l'Empire et, au cours des dernières années de son règne, il a également dû combattre son petit-fils Andronikos lors de la première guerre civile de Paléologue . He held the office of Grand Domestic for an unusually long time, still serving in that capacity by the time of the first Mongol invasion of the Byzantine Empire. Andronikos II Palaiologos ( grec : Ἀνδρόνικος Παλαιολόγος ; 25 mars 1259-13 février 1332), généralement latinisé sous le nom d' Andronicus II Paléologue , régna comme empereur byzantin de 1282 à 1328. Leading the Byzantine army, Andronikos inflicted the first defeat suffered by the Mongols in Europe at the Battle of Adrianople in 1240, halting their advance into Thrace and saving Constantinople from a siege. He was born with his full name, Andronikos Doukas Angelos Komnenos Palaiologos and was the son of Michael IX Palaiologos and Rita of Armenia.During his younger years, he was proclaimed co-emperor before 1313 … John had two children. Andronikos' reign was marked by the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire. Andronikos III Palaiologos, commonly Latinized as Andronicus III Palaeologus, was the Byzantine emperor from 1328 to 1341. His reign was dominated by the Mongol and Bulgarian Siege of Constantinople , which lasted from 1246 to 1249, during which Andronikos successfully commanded the defense of the city alongside his son, Michael. Andronikos II Palaiologos was the eldest surviving son of Michael VIII Palaiologos and Theodora Doukaina Vatatzina, grandniece of John III Doukas Vatatzes. Andronikos' reign was marked by the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire. Andronikos was born in Constantinople on 25 March 1297, the 38th birthday of his paternal grandfather, Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos. Successor Étant plus impitoyables et plus sauvages que l'ennemi qu'ils avaient l'intention de soumettre, ils se disputèrent avec Michel IX, et finalement se retournèrent ouvertement contre leurs employeurs byzantins après le meurtre de Roger de Flor en 1305; avec un groupe de Turcs volontaires, ils dévastèrent la Thrace , la Macédoine et la Thessalie sur leur route vers le sud de la Grèce occupée par le latin. Burial Andronikos' reign was marked by the beginning of the decline of the Byzantine Empire. 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